Large figures are generally presented rounded to the nearest thousand, and percentages to the nearest percentage point in the text. The latest trends are mostly reflective of the impact of the pandemic on court processes and prioritisation rather than a continuation of the longer-term series. In addition, the annual report from the Head of Profession to the National Statistician will: Provide information on how many revisions were required to our publications and the reasons for these. Graham and Bowling (1995) Found that blacks (43%) and whites (44%) had similar and almost identical rates of crime, but Asians actually had lower rates (Indians- 30%, Pakistanis-28% and Bangladeshi-13%). Government data about the UK's different ethnic groups. The following offence groups will be of particular focus: As noted in the introduction, comparisons across ethnic groups do not account for previous offending history, detailed offence mix and other offender characteristics and that should be considered when interpreting results in this section. The Chinese or Other ethnic group had the highest number of defendants remanded in custody, at 62%, whereas the White ethnic group had the lowest number of defendants remanded in custody, at 42%. Around 34% of all Black homicide victims were aged between 15 and 20. They have been excluded from all analyses in this chapter. It is considered a more useful concept than race. This is the latest biennial compendium of Statistics on Ethnicity (formerly Race) and the Criminal Justice System and follows on from its sister publication Statistics on Women and the Criminal Justice System published last year. For all ethnicities, drugs were the most common reason for searches that resulted in an arrest after a stop and search, accounting for 57% of resultant arrests for White suspects, 59% for Black suspects, 69% for Asian suspects, 60% for Mixed suspects and 54% for Other suspects. These research outputs are not official statistics on the population. Where possible, this report takes into consideration the recommendations of the Lammy Review (a 2017 independent review into the treatment of, and outcomes for Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic individuals in the criminal justice system). Unfortunately, we do not hold police recorded crime figures on robbery or offences involving a knife or sharp instrument, by ethnic group. The number of stop and searches carried out by police has risen by 24% to almost 700,000 in a single year, with officers using the tactic on the . On the basis of self-report studies, Graham and Bowling (1995) concluded that people from certain ethnic backgrounds like Black (43%) and White (44%) had similar crime rates, whereas others like Asians had comparatively lower crime rates - Indians (30%), Pakistanis (28%), and Bangladeshis (13%). Black and minority ethnic (BAME) households in the UK are over twice as likely to live in poverty as their white counterparts . London. When a suspect is formally charged, they are brought before a magistrates court (as a defendant) as soon as possible. Of the total sentenced or cautioned, White young offenders had the highest proportion recorded as persistently absent at 83%. 1 Because of rounding, the percentages may not add to 100.0.; 2 The ethnicity totals are representative of those agencies that provided ethnicity breakdowns. , See Appendix I for further details of how detailed ethnicity categorisations are aggregated. A small proportional decrease of White offenders was observed, with a decrease of 2 percentage points since 2016. In the 2018/19 cohort, the reoffending rate for adults was highest for Black offenders at 30%, 29% for White offenders, 23% for Asian offenders and 19% for Other offenders. This was a higher proportion than any other ethnic group, for example, only 10% of arrests of White suspects were for drug offences. there were 697,405 stop and searches in England and Wales between April 2020 and March 2021, a rate of 12.4 per 1,000 people. mayo 29, 2022 . Overall, 81% of defendants who were remanded in custody at Crown Court for drug offences went on to receive an immediate custodial sentence. To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email: psi@nationalarchives.gov.uk. In 2020, the ethnic group with the highest concordance rate with their PSR for immediate custodial sentences was the Mixed ethnic group, at 89%; this has remained consistent since 2018. In 2020, of the defendants prosecuted, 76% were White, 12% were Black, 7% were Asian, 4% were of Mixed ethnicity groups, and 2% were Chinese or Other ethnic groups. The proportion of White victims decreased by 7 percentage points (pp) since the previous three-year period (2014/15 to 2016/17), with corresponding increases in the proportions of victims from Black (up 3pp), Asian (up 2pp), and Other (up 2pp) ethnic groups. As shown in Figure 5, the trend had increased since 2016 and stopped in 2020. Across the past 5 years, White defendants have consistently had the highest guilty plea rate, at 79% in 2020, compared to Black defendants at 66%. This was followed by defendants from the Chinese or Other ethnic groups (16%), Asian defendants (14%), Mixed defendants (12%) and White defendants (12%). , New methodology introduced in the 2015/16 cohort, used to measure proven reoffending, reduced twelve-monthly cohort to a three-monthly cohort and changed data source following probation services reforms. Above National Average. In the 2020/21 HM Inspectorate of Prisons survey, prisoners from ethnic minority groups reported more negative results across the survey. The reoffending rate of adults was highest for those aged 18-20 for ethnic minority groups. Within this update we committed to better addressing inequalities in victimisation and highlighting those groups in society that are at most risk of experiencing crime. This has been avoided where possible in order to provide the most recent data. The data for this section is available in the Arrests open data tables published by Home Office. This trend is similar across all disposal types. , Available at https://www.statisticsauthority.gov.uk/code-of-practice/, Data provided by the Home Office listing offences recorded as homicide as of 15th December 2020. In certain instances, data has been used for years that are not impacted by restrictions but in place in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this section, where there are statistically significant differences between groups to the 95% level, this will be stated. Figure 1.01: Ethnicity proportions for adults throughout the criminal justice system, 2020. This trend has fluctuated across the past 5 years. , Data are self-declared from HR records, as at 31 March 2020; not including figures from HMPPS. Asian prisoners, on average, served the smallest proportion of their original sentence, serving 58% of their determinate sentence in custody in 2020; a trend that has remained stable since 2016. The ACSL for possession of weapon offences fell between 2016 and 2020 across all ethnic groups, except for the Mixed ethnic group . , Where ethnicity and protected characteristic was known, not controlling for offence mix. Crown Prosecution Service (CPS): The ethnic background of the CPS, where ethnicity was known, has remained broadly similar between 2016 and 2020[footnote 92]. This chapter reports on the trends in the composition of staff and practitioners throughout the CJS by ethnicity [footnote 90]. It is the first time the national statistics agency has broken down homicide rates by ethnicity. , Excludes declarations of prefer not to say. The reoffending rate was highest for children across all ethnic groups compared to adults. Figure 6.05: Requirements commenced under community orders and suspended sentence orders by ethnicity and requirement, England and Wales, 2020. Similar to trends in adults, children from the Asian ethnic group (3%) were significantly less likely to be victim of personal crime than those from the White ethnic group (7%). Drug offences accounted for 40% of convictions for Black offenders, 39% for Asian offenders, 32% for Mixed ethnicity offenders, 31% for Chinese or Other ethnic groups, and 19% for White offenders. Since 2015/16 there have been statistically significant decreases in reports of victims of crimes seen in the Black (from 7 to 4%) and Asian (from 4 to 2%) ethnic groups. statistics. In 2020, 45% of all defendants prosecuted for drug offences at Crown Court were remanded in custody . The processes by which other revisions will be communicated and published. In 2020, White defendants spent the lowest mean number of days (156) at court, while defendants from Chinese or Other ethnic groups had the highest (199). The proportion of male homicides was highest in the Black ethnic group (89%), followed by the Other ethnic group (77%), and the Asian ethnic group (68%). This is especially apparent when comparing to the ethnic breakdown of the population of England and Wales[footnote 1]. Almost three quarters (1,405 or 72%) of all homicide victims (where ethnicity was known) over the three-year period were from the White ethnic group. When ethnicity is self-reported, it is based on five broad categories: White, Black, Asian, Mixed and Chinese or Other. The overall custody rate has remained relatively stable between 2016 and 2019, ranging from 57% to 61%. Over the last 5 years, there has been a decrease in the proportion of stop and searches conducted on Black individuals in London, from 36% in 2016/17 to 32% in 2020/21. There were statistically significant decreases in the number of victims for personal crimes since 2015/16 in the Black (from 7% to 4%) and Asian (from 4% to 2%) ethnic groups. 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