The rate of unemployment in Ghana in 2020 was 4.70%, a 0.05% increase from 2020. Different Stakeholder Interests: Every project will have several stakeholders - customers, vendors, management, project management team, external contractors, government, etc. (a) (b) Give four reasons for saving. Group Members: Soumil Ghotane 60 Akshay Kalambe 62 Jyoti Kandalgaonkar 63 Sanket Thorat 78 Sameer Dhurat 83 Anand Kalambe 84 Sanket Panchamia 86 Tejas Shelar 99. 0000006270 00000 n The four causes of conflict are: differing aims and methods, competing or disparage goals, differences in philosophies and personality conflicts. They can generate chaos and progress, separation and cohesion. [any four]. Thats not the case in many organizations. Inherent components of group life, conflicts include both positive and negative aspects from a psycho-social point of view. The sources of conflict can be divided into basic categories: As mentioned, everyone is unique and has an individual personality. Organizational sources of conflict occur when departments are differentiated in their goals. (v) Reduced access to social amenities THE ENVIRONMENT Ghana: Ex Post Assessment of Longer-Term Program Engagement, International Monetary Fund: Washington, D. C. Available At: https://www.imf.org/ [Last Accessed: 30 January 2019]. Conflicts over land ownership in North Gondar. 3475 27 As resources dwindle and an organization has to make do with less, departments will compete to get those resources. When youre not in the office, you get to choose who you hang out with, but during the work day, the cast of characters is chosen for you. This occurs typically due to how people are different from one another. (v) They help to maintain personal hygiene, Negative Effects (v) Helps to increase ones financial wealth or net worth. Stress and Burnout Workplace stress is often the source of conflict in an organization. Resources 2. Abstract: Ethnic conflicts have become a phenomenal event in the Northern Region of Ghana leading to underdevelopment.These conflicts are attributed to the lingering legacies of colonialism, but for many, especially in the Western popular and academic media, singular historical and internal explanations tend to be offered, assigning the conflicts to either Africa's primordial afflictions of . (x) Creation of more job opportunities in the rural areas Types of Conflict. (a) Why was the Watson Commission set up? One of the main causes of conflict between Konkomba and other ethnic groups such as the Dagomba, Nanumba and Gonja is the struggle for paramountcy and autonomy. Hn@s lfB* Hi Yvette-thanks for your comment (and reblog!) 4.1 Communication Breakdown. [7] WB 2016. An "Act" means the whole Act, whereas a section or, part of a section in an Act may be an enactment. This situation also results in reduced provision of goods and services ( less productivity). [1] Fischer, H. 2016. They start make adjustments to the design, saving money by using less expensive materials than what were recommended by the R&D team. It remains a challenge for the ruling party and the people of Ghana to maintain peace and keep the momentum to grow the economy. However, military intervention tended to aggravate rather than improve the status quo. Over 2,000 couples in five diverse cultures were studied. After completing this for the first current events article, have students go through the same process for the rest of the sources. 5m]jhhR}zf4vz6/2?~^~{x dv|}(6y V!pR)Qi8IfE99JP%lodH/%oD$+mIx8!IGr>|@"*hRC7Ga-*B},_]2_O~,Vq*MR0X\1Op^('hepJAuV~7_O3(w`Pkb~~#Sj" YiC_3lM_X]v]U1Lo4 #f,|hi=cU.z (I) Individual Level Conflict: Management should keep in mind that all individuals have conflict within themselves. The belief that one must not go fishing on specific days It should come as no surprise that many conflicts stem from the lack of clear communication. The four-day . Ghanas Development Finance Institutions: Review of Current Status and Principles for Reform, World Bank: Washington, D. C. Available At: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/ [Last Accessed: 30 January 2019]. Conflict, which occurs when a perception or action leads to a state of unrest, is natural. 36, No. From 1966 to 1967, the gross domestic product per capita declined from USD 269,000 to 216,000, a 6.1% decrease[5]. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Some of the key conflicts identified at the inception, design, construction and project management stages include; low recognition and lack of authority, design error, design omission, design not meeting specification, cost overrun, quality of work, running late, operational faults, conflict of loyalty and by-passing a 'single' point of contact. Analysts who consider identities such as ethnicity to be primordial are correct in that identities are not simple to assume and discard. The three colors of the flag (red, green, and black) and the black star in the middle are all symbolic of the pan-Africanist movement. Certain cultural practices or aspects of them that are not desirable must be either changed or modified. Home Resources Identify the Source of Conflict. (iv) Injuries, loss of life and property However, most youthful rural dwellers today find the use of simple tools and methods for agriculture boring, tiresome and less productive. CC licensed content, Specific attribution, Organizational Behavior and Human Relations, https://pixabay.com/photos/laptop-computer-technology-monitor-3190194/, https://pixabay.com/illustrations/cup-champion-award-trophy-winner-1613315/, Identify organizational sources of conflict. In other cases, such as in written communication, the full message isn't understood due to the lack of non-verbal cues like body language and inflection. They therefore use various kinds of weapons which kill people, cause serious injuries or destroy property. The managers must be sensitive to the staff's feelings, actively listen to their side of the story, yet remain neutral and professional throughout the entire time. The change of seasons creates conflict because each season is at odds with the next. All questions carry equal marks, SECTION I The empire became known in Europe and Arabia as the Ghana Empire after the title of its Emperor, the Ghana. If one team deviates from those standards, then it creates conflict with the other two groups. CLICK TO VIEW ANSWERS TO PART 2, 1. Ghanas is currently ranked fifth among Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) in terms of regional integration in, which measures surpassing economic supper-power Nigeria which is ranked ninth[8]. Identify four sources of conflicts in Ghana (b) Explain four effects of conflicts in Ghana SECTION III SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Answer one question only from this section 5. 5 Violent conflicts in Ghana: four cases 29 5.1 The Konkomba conflicts 29 5.1.1 . Quite a number of rural folks migrate to the urban areas without even knowing what awaits (iii) Protection of certain sectors which are considered to be of national interest and pride. Conflict that exists between two people is called interpersonal conflict. (a) State four problems created in the urban areas by rural-urban migration, (b) Data were drawn from secondary and primary sources. monster simulator games; lantern by sofi phone number They conquered many lands because they possessed more power than other ethnic groups mainly because of their number and the vastness of their empire. Sources of Conflict, Conflict Resolution and Impact on Project Performance Group No:2,Div-B. The important thing to remember is that conflict is natural. (iv) Political inconsistencies / interference Each political party that comes to power has different ideas on how the SOEs must be managed. 0000003507 00000 n The government must provide attractive incentives to corporate bodies and firms to entice them to set up branches / agencies of their businesses in the rural areas. Inequalities tend to arise principally out of differences in economic development and to some extent endowment in natural resources. The study relies on a survey of 600 people in different parts of the Northern Region to ascertain the perceptions of people about conflicts in the region. One of the main causes of conflict between Konkomba and other ethnic groups such as the Dagomba, Nanumba and Gonja is the struggle for paramountcy and autonomy. The prefix inter- relates to external origination. In order to avoid future coups, the 1992 Constitution affirms the parliament as the only authority that can evoke military action. [5] WB 2019. This led to an increase in the general price of goods, placing the ordinary Ghanaians under significant financial pressure. 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O. Ramsbotham, T. Woodhouse, Hugh Miall (2009) Contemporary Conflict Resolution: The prevention, management and transformation of deadly conflicts, Cambridge, Polity Press. (a) Reasons for the establishment of state owned enterprises in Ghana SECTION III. This article throws light on the four important levels of conflicts in organisation, i.e (1) Individual Level Conflict, (2) Interpersonal Conflict, (3) Group Level Conflict, and (4) Organisation Level Conflict. _hjAbsoluteSessionInProgress: 30 minutes: No description available. Ghana ranks 43rd in the World Peace Index. 301-315. Sources and causes of conflict in the society Conflict refers to the incompatibility of goals, values and interests over scarce resources like power, economics and natural resources among others. (v) Rapid development of the economy When conflict is addressed maturely with an eye to a positive resolution it can, in most cases, lead to growth among all the conflicting parties. This standard, not an uncommon practice, creates heavy competition within its employee ranks. Global Academic Society Journal: Social Science Insight, Vol. The country and four . It situates the question of conflict within the context of the Northern Region of Ghana and defines conflict as a situation in which people, groups or individuals are involved in a serious disagreement or argument which degenerates into violence. Of all the ethnic groups, the Ashanti were known for the numerous wars they fought when Ghana was called the Gold Coast (British Colony). (ii) make recommendations to the colonial administration on how to prevent future occurrences, (b) Reasons for the 1948 riots Conflicts driven by this factor are demonstrated in serious conflicts wherein separate parties have sets of beliefs that they assert in an aggressive manner. This conflict stemmed from a trade dispute, which also factored issues of land access and use. SOURCES OF LAW IN GHANA (ARTICLE 11, CHAPTER 4 ). 0000018085 00000 n Some of these practices are puberty rites, widowhood rites, forced marriages, female genital mutilation, etc. xref Is there a common source of conflict? Politics is the hashing out of the . applicable to particular communities in Ghana. 0000003230 00000 n Let's look at examples of this type of conflict. Of all the ethnic groups, the Ashanti were known . (PDF) Effects of conflicts on local development in Ghana Effects of conflicts on local development in Ghana Authors: Desmond Gagakuma Kwame Nkrumah University Of Science and Technology. For instance, if budgets are slim, the marketing department may feel like they can make the most of those dollars by earning new customers. (iii) The Alan Burns Constitution was not favourable, because it did not offer enough opportunity (seats) for local (Ghanaian) participation in the legislative and executive councils. Other forms of rewards that might incite conflict include employee of the month or other major awards that are given on a competitive basis. (viii) Excessive patronage of services There is excessive patronage of (extreme pressure on) Some of these incentives could be tax rebates, tax holidays, manpower training, subsidies, award schemes. The same standards of work, production numbers, and clean-up should be upheld by all three teams. Was there conflict in it? The R&D team might come up with something fantastic, featuring loads of bells and whistles that the consumer will put to excellent use. There have been conflicts such as the Konkomba-Nanumba conflict,[when?] 2. ECOWAS, on the Africa Regional Integration Index Website, viewed on the 15 October 2018, from https://www.integrate-africa.org/. 4.3 Information Misunderstood. In Ghana, one wakes up every day to news of violent clashes between local farmers and Fulani herders, as seen in headlines such as "Two farmers shot dead by Fulani in Agogo" Footnote 1 and "Two killed as Fulanis clash with residents in Sekyere Odumasi." Footnote 2 These headlines are widely disseminated throughout the country, and estimates put the number of people killed . Any time you get people together (whether it be in families, work relationships, or in a club) you'll find personalities that fit together and those that don't. This analysis of previously collected data examined four fitness-relevant issues for their possible role in marital conflict. which was fought because of trade dispute. Subscribe to get notifications for all updates. (vii) Lack of trust by general public the general public seems to have a low level of trust in A descriptive survey was used for the study based on qualitative research method. A number of studies have emphasized the broad disparity between the North and the South of the country in terms of levels of economic development and the general quality of life resulting in the relative backwardness of Northern Ghana in relation to Southern Ghana. [any four]. Article 11 of the 1992 Ghana Constitution states that the laws of Ghana shall comprise: Enactments made by or under the authority of the Parliament established by the, Any Orders, Rules, and Regulations made by any person or authority under a power. Identifying the possible or probable cause will help create a course of action for this particular conflict and be better prepared for, and even eliminate, a similar problem in the future. (vi) Religious beliefs Role in marital conflict in that identities are not simple to assume and discard peace and keep momentum. Perception or action leads to a state of unrest, is natural basic categories as... 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