[54], In March 1992, members of the brigade destroyed McGowan's service station along the Ballygawley-Dungannon road with a 150 pounds (68kg) bomb, on the basis that they were supplying British forces,[55][48] while a soldier was injured by a bomb near Augher. The device landed unexploded inside the complex, resulting in its evacuation. [48] The IRA retaliated on 5 August 1991, when they shot and killed a former UDR soldier while living his workplace along Altmore Road, also in Cappagh. operation, old ambivalences began to assert themselves, and Dublin drew 7 September 1981: two RUC officers (Mark Evans and Stuart Montgomery) were killed when their patrol vehicle struck an IRA landmine at Sessadonaghy, near. One witness has said that some of the men were wounded and tried to surrender but were then killed by the British soldiers. the dead and wounded watches, pens, religious medals, shouting and [50] The RUC stated the men were on their way to mount an ambush on Protestant workmen. The more British violence could be seen as give Loughgall its rightful place in the hierarchy of atrocities British troops manning the outpost returned fire. Ed Moloney, Irish journalist and author of the Secret History of the IRA, states that the Provisional IRA East Tyrone Brigade lost 53 members killed in the Troubles, the highest of any rural Brigade area. A founding member of the Provisional IRA in Co Tyrone has said he would be willing to take part in any future truth forum designed to bring closure to victims and survivors of the Troubles.. 2 May 1974: Up to 40 members from the IRA's East Tyrone Brigade attacked the isolated 6 UDR Deanery base in Clogher, County Tyrone with machine gun and RPG fire resulting in the death of Private Eva Martin, a UDR Greenfinch, the first female UDR soldier to be killed by enemy action. bad, the more difficult it became to see the IRAs violence as bad; [15][16] It destroyed a substantial part of the base with a 200lb bomb and raked the building with gunfire. The IRA unit used the same tactics as it had done in the The Birches attack. On 1 January 1991, a British Army outpost was fired on by an IRA unit at Aughnacloy. [25] British military sources also report that other IRA volunteers from East Tyrone were involved in the assault. See: Attack on UDR Clogher barracks Nationalist condemnation of the IRAs intentions quickly became 9 July 1997: IRA gunmen hijacked and burned a number of vehicles at Dungannon. [121] The IRA alleged that Dallas was a senior UVF member[122] but this was denied by his family, the police, and the UVF. murder.). [93] The fortified[94] courthouse in Cookstown was meanwhile damaged by two bombs planted there on 15 October 1993. security forces strike back and seem to do so, its editorial declared, (In the first four Ryan, according to Moloney, had led the mixed flying column under direct orders of top IRA Army Council member Thomas "Slab" Murphy two years before. ], In 2012 a Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) club in Tyrone distanced itself from a republican commemoration of those killed in the ambush. It was a devastating setback for the IRA, practically decimating the Tommy, had been in the H-blocks for eleven years. were heroes, freedom fighters, peace soldiers. They had sacrificed The UDA retaliated by shooting dead five Catholic male civilians inside a betting shop on the Ormeau Road, Belfast. number of its more seasoned veterans had died in the incident), but 11 August 1986: The East Tyrone Brigade destroyed the RUC base at, 23 November 1986: six British soldiers were wounded after the Brigade launched seven mortars at a British Army barracks in. The British were waiting. [53] Author Brendan O'Brien reports a witness claiming that some of the men were wounded and tried to surrender but were killed by the British soldiers. In June 1991, three IRA men, Lawrence McNally, Peter Ryan and Tony Dorris were lured into yet another SAS ambush at Coagh, where their car was raked with gunfire and rocket propelled grenades. The East Tyrone Brigade members killed in 1987 consisted of: They died in Loughgall, a village no bigger than Galbally, in County Lansing Gang Members Convicted for Armed Robbery Spree. 14 March 1972: A two-man IRA unit armed with sub-machine guns ambushed a joint British Army/RUC patrol on Brackaville Road outside Coalisland, County Tyrone. [24], According to journalist Ed Moloney, Michael "Pete" Ryan, an alleged top Brigade's member, was the commander of the IRA flying column that attacked a permanent checkpoint at Derryard, County Fermanagh, on 13 December 1989. Read more about this topic: Provisional IRA East Tyrone Brigade, Subsequent Brigade Activity. [29], According to journalist Ed Moloney, Michael "Pete" Ryan (himself killed with two other IRA volunteers on 3 June 1991), an alleged top Brigade member, was the commander of the IRA flying column that launched the attack on Derryard checkpoint in Fermanagh on 13 December 1989. Enniskillen to the Unionist understanding of what Irish Nationalism and All the IRA members involved withdrew successfully. Contents 1 Background 2 East Tyrone Brigade 3 Death 4 See also 5 References Background [ edit] The facilities damaged by mortar bombs included the above-mentioned Ballygawley barracks, a British Army outpost at Aughnacloy, the RUC barracks at Clogher and Beragh, both resulting in massive damage but no injuries, an overshot aimed at the RUC base in Caledon, which was also hit by gunfire, and the RUC stations at Carrickmore, Fintona and Pomeroy. At least five members of the security forces were killed by the IRA in around this area during the same period. Fifty people were evacuated. [91], Other operations against security facilities in this period included a sniper and small arms attack on the British Army base of Killymeal, Dungannon, on 22 May 1993; the brigade claimed a subsequent exchange of fire between IRA volunteers in supporting role and British soldiers crewing an observation post. There were a number of actions carried out by the IRA in the eastern part of Tyrone from 1996 up to the latest IRA ceasefire of July 1997: Risn McAliskey, daughter of political activist Bernadette McAliskey and suspected IRA member from Coalisland was accused by German authorities of being involved in a mortar attack on British Army facilities in Osnabrck, Germany, on 28 June 1996. [38] Hamilton stated that there were no security or civilian casualties. [43] One witness has said that some of the men were wounded and tried to surrender but were then killed by the British soldiers. A five-mile (8km) chase followed before the IRA volunteers managed to escape on foot. 3 Tipperary Brigade (South-Tipperary) - 2 Southern Division. husbands and fathers -- had been needlessly shot in a show of 2032 member. The unit, moving on two vehicles from the townland of Turnabarson, managed to snake into a heavy patrolled area to the firing point on Station Road and launched the shell by timer from a range of 70 yards (64m). After the shooting they drove past the house of Tony Doris, the IRA man killed the previous year, where they fired more shots in the air and were heard to shout, "Up the 'RA, that's for Tony Doris". They concluded that the SAS were justified in opening fire. maintained a system of mutual support and an assiduous sense of Film report. Battalion were located as follows: Rosegreen, Fethard, Mortlestown,. The bombing was at Teebane Crossroads near Cookstown. killings. Go raibh mle maith agat. Another fatality was a Royal Irish Regiment soldier from Cookstown who was abducted and shot dead while on leave; his body was later found in the outskirts of Armagh town on 21 May 1994. Your contribution can be made with a credit or debit card by clicking below. with an unchangeable, unambivalent internal code of its own, of people 22 February 1997: an IRA mortar unit was intercepted by the RUC in. The 12 May's riots ended with the paratroopers' assault on three bars, where they injured seven civilians. [65][66][67] Six paratroopers were charged with criminal damage in the aftermath, but were acquitted in 1993. However, as their attack was underway, the IRA unit was ambushed by a Special Air Service (SAS) unit. One of the workers killed, Robert Dunseath, was also a soldier of the Royal Irish Rangers. forward views and proposals were abstractions, irrelevancies, in which engaged in an armed conflict with the army of the United Kingdom. [97][114] Another fatality was a Royal Irish Regiment (RIR) soldier, Private Christopher Wren, slain when off-duty by the blast of a booby-trap planted in his car. The IRA claimed the man was a UVF commander, responsible for the killings of Catholic civilians. The unit dispersed after setting on the mortar's timer. () The Association is committed to a shared future based on tolerance for the different identities and cultural backgrounds of people who share this Community and this island. their ever-so-careful distinction between good violence and bad No casualties were reported. Her extradition from Northern Ireland was refused in 2007. fluttered in every window, thousands lined the funeral routes: country The RUC patrol returned fire. East Tyrone brigade to which the eight had belonged, the largest number seasoned leadership. To Kellys wife, Kathleen, who was expecting their fourth child when he disposal. They could have been arrested but the SAS planned to take O'Donnell had been released without charges for possession of weapons on two different occasions in the past. This was the IRA's greatest loss of life in a single incident during its campaign. [44] Some republican sources[45] claim that a listening device was found in the roof of OFarrells house during repairs in 2008, exposing that the British intelligence had a forehand knowledge of the IRA operation at Coalisland and could have arrested them before the attack. He said a wall at the camp "was decked with close-up colour photographs of the eight members of the IRA's East Tyrone Brigade killed in an SAS ambush at Loughgall a few months earlier during . [77], The commander in chief of the brigade,[78] Kevin MacKenna, was also appointed 'chief of staff' of the IRA in 1983. police station. The priest presiding over the requiem mass for Among the killed were two constables who were shot dead while driving a civilian type vehicle in Fivemiletown's main street on 12 December 1993. [128] The latter attack led to loyalist allegations that the IRA was killing Protestant land-owners in Tyrone and Fermanagh[129] in an orchestrated campaign to drive Protestants out of the region, to the point that they drew an analogy with contemporaneous ethnic cleansing in the Balkans. An Phoblacht claimed the IRA men thwarted an ambush and at least two SAS members were killed. The IRA unit used the same tactics as it had done in the The Birches attack.It destroyed a substantial part of the base with a 200 lb bomb and raked the building with gunfire. It is believed to have drawn its membership from across the eastern side of County Tyrone as well as north County Monaghan and south County Londonderry. One RUC officer was injured. IRA recruits. They were historical people. In January 1992, an IRA roadside bomb destroyed a van carrying 14 workers who had been re-building Lisanelly British Army base in Omagh. Whereas the previous ambushes of IRA men had been well planned by Special Forces, the Clonoe killings owed much to a series of mistakes by the IRA men in question. The soldiers were being transported from RAF Aldergrove to a military base near Omagh after returning from leave in England. The first phase of Lynagh's plan to drive out the British security forces from east Tyrone involved destroying isolated rural police stations and then intimidating or killing any building contractors who were employed to rebuild them. some days later, as more details of the killings emerged and it became successfully inflict a major blow against the British war machine. From then onwards the Brigade was fighting for its life, and by the time of the IRA Ceasefire in 1997, PIRA's feared . stated what was for many a truth they could not acknowledge -- as much See: 13 May 1974: Eugene Martin (18) and Sean McKearney (19), both, 22 September 1974: A helicopter came under fire while flying along the Tyrone-Monaghan border and was forced to land in a field. In March 1992, members of the brigade destroyed McGowan's service station along the Ballygawley/Monaghan road, on the basis that they were supplying British forces, while a soldier was injured by a bomb near Augher. abiding minds in Northern Ireland.), Nationalists were wary. Michael Ryan was the same man who according to Moloney had led the mixed flying column under direct orders of top IRA Army Council member 'Slab' Murphy two years before. 9 July 1997: IRA gunmen hijacked and burned a number of vehicles at Dungannon. [44][45], On 31 January 1992, an IRA van bomb blew up in downtown Dungannon, resulting in three people wounded and severe property damage[46] to the city centre and to the RUC/Army base. These questions went unanswered, as they could [34], On 4 March 1990, ten IRA volunteers launched an assault on the RUC station at Stewartstown using an improvised flamethrower consisting of a manure-spreader towed by a tractor to spray 600 imperial gallons (2,700L) of a petrol/diesel mix to set the base ablaze, and then opened up with rifles and an RPG-7 rocket launcher. The main target, Brian Arthurs, escaped injury. members of the SDLP, disquieted that the shootings had taken place on circumstances of what could be construed as a shoot-to-kill policy, the The ambush took place outside the village of Pomeroy. [21] [14], In 2012 aGAAclub in Tyrone distanced itself from a republican commemoration of those killed in the ambush. Six IRA members from a supporting unit managed to escape. [115][113] A second soldier, Sergeant Dean Oliver, died in a fratricide incident in Fivemiletown on 9 May 1992, in the aftermath of an IRA bomb attack in the area, as mentioned above.[61][116]. In addition, the IRA in Tyrone was the target of an assassination campaign carried out by the loyalist paramilitaries of the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF). [21] Additionally, most of the attacks which took place in County Fermanagh during this period of the Troubles were also launched from south Tyrone and Monaghan. The gut reaction began to make itself felt, though it expressed itself evening the score. subconscious there were the old beliefs: that the British had no regard Three constables and Treanor were wounded,[104] as well as a passing-by ederly female motorist whose car was hit by the RUC vehicle. [81] The IRA asserts instead that the barracks were "extensively damaged". GAA Central Council official reply was that "The GAA has strict protocols and rules in place regarding the use of property for Political purposes. When the IRA responded by killing a retired UDR member, Leslie Dallas,[120] and two elderly Protestants, Austin Nelson and Ernest Rankin at Coagh, on 7 March 1989, the UVF shot dead three IRA members and a Catholic civilian in a pub in Cappagh on 3 March 1991. This page was last edited on 17 January 2023, at 19:25. [59], The brigade was the first to use the Mark-15 Barrack-Buster mortar in an attack on 5 December 1992 against an RUC station in Ballygawley. Eight were killed and the rest were badly wounded. The device exploded while he was driving on Carrydarragh road, near Moneymore, County Londonderry, on 31 May 1993, just a few miles from Cookstown. On that occasion, Black and Tan auxiliaries, acting in line with The RUC stated the men were on their way to mount an ambush on Protestant workmen. Tom King and all the other rich and powerful people would be sorry in [41] [59][60][61][62][63] According to a later IRA's statement, the destruction of the security base forced the RUC and the British Army to organised their patrols from nearby RUC barracks at Clogher, allowing the East Tyrone Brigade to study their pattern and carry out a deadly ambush in December 1993. [90] The projectile landed within the grounds of the base, causing some damage according to the RUC. There were no casualties. [88] The facilities came under attack once again on 7 November, when a supporting team armed with automatic weapons secured the area around the barracks, allowing an Isuzu Trooper carrying a "Barrack Buster" to be driven just outside the base. [8] In April 1987 they shot and killed Harold Henry, one of the main contractors to the British Army and the RUC in Northern Ireland. the success of the agreement, called for a public inquiry into the [2], In the 1980s, the IRA in East Tyrone and other areas close to the border, such as South Armagh, were following a Maoist military theory[3] devised for Ireland by Jim Lynagh, a high-profile member of the IRA in east Tyrone (but a native of County Monaghan). [9] The theory involved creating "no-go zones" that the British Army and Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) did not control and gradually expanding them. The ambush took place outside the village of Pomeroy. [51], The Fintona RUC/Army base damaged by mortar fire, 27 December 1993, In March 1992, members of the brigade destroyed McGowan's service station along the Ballygawley/Monaghan road, on the basis that they were supplying British forces,[52] while a soldier was injured by a bomb near Augher. Hurson died. Ed Moloney, Irish journalist and author of the Secret History of the IRA, states that the Provisional IRA East Tyrone Brigade lost 53 members killed in the Troubles - the highest of any Brigade area. According to them, the explosion was heard from Augher to Fivemiletown, and there was a number of British casualties. [63] Another fatality was a Royal Irish Regiment soldier from Cookstown who was abducted and shot dead while on leave; his body was later found in the outskirts of Armagh town on 21 May 1994. for Irish lives, that their abhorrence of the IRA masked a larger The losses at Loughgall were the highest suffered by the IRA in the Long War and parallel the losses suffered by the East Cork Flying Column at Clonmult near Midleton on 20th February 1921 at the height of the War of Independence. prison crisis; the question now was whether the British government was sanctioned shoot-to-kill policy, opened fire on a party of fifteen IRA be holding up to emulate a man who was out to commit cruel cold [22] The checkpoint was stormed using an improvised armoured truck and two British soldiers (James Houston and Michael Patterson) were killed in action. British military sources reported that other IRA volunteers from East Tyrone were involved in the assault. the people. Just four days after killing two RUC officers with AR-15 rifles & then destroying the RUC base at Ballygawley the IRA's East Tyrone Brigade carry out another. [20][21] This attack forced the British military to ferry their troops to and from East Tyrone by helicopter. their time.. revenge, because the British had been defeated and demoralized by the [105][106], There were also a number of roadside bomb and mortar attacks thwarted by the security forces in east and south Tyrone in this period. shooting those not convicted of criminal offenses as soldiers of war. [86][87], The RUC security base at Caledon became the target of the "Barrack Busters" twice. The South Armagh area was considered to be a liberated zone already, since British troops and the RUC could not use the roads there for fear of roadside bombs and long-range harassing fire. The Auxiliaries, Republicans were reminded in An Phoblacht/Republican Of these, most were Catholics civilians with no paramilitary connections but six were Provisional Irish Republican Army members. A primed Mk-12 horizontal mortar was defused near Clogher on 9 April 1992 by British Army technicians,[107] while a trailer carrying a 'barrack buster' was recovered by security forces and also defused in the same area on 16 January 1994. The East Tyrone Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), also known as the Tyrone/Monaghan It smacks of revenge and retaliation. Moreover -- and he [118] The IRA said that the workers were legitimate targets because they were "collaborating" with the "forces of occupation". In October 1990, two more IRA men, Dessie Grew and Michael McGaughey were shot dead near Loughgall by undercover soldiers. The bombing was at Teebane Crossroads near Cookstown. pleaded with her following Sandss death to do something to end the [77], On 19 January 1993 the brigade claimed that their volunteers uncovered and destroyed a British army observation post concealed in a derelict house in Drumcairne Forest, near Stewartstown. What happened at Loughgall would forever be remembered by those were among eight members of the IRA's east Tyrone brigade killed by the SAS . 2 February 1996: The house of a part-time member of the RUC was riddled with gunfire in Moy. The SAS shot dead eight IRA members and a civilian who had accidentally driven into the ambush. [51], Another four IRA members were killed in an ambush in February 1992. [92][93] RUC sources denied that the soldiers returned fire during the shooting. [56][57][58], A part-time RUC barracks at Fivemiletown, County Tyrone, in the operational area of the brigade, was destroyed by an IRA van-bomb on 7 May 1992, though the attack was claimed by the South Fermanagh Brigade. Armagh when they were gunned down by the RUC and British army The East Tyrone Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), also known as the Tyrone/Monaghan Brigade[1] was one of the most active republican paramilitary groups in Northern Ireland during "the Troubles". for Fermanagh-South Tyrone, told Another former UDR soldier was killed when an IRA bomb exploded underneath his car in Kildress, County Tyrone in April 1993; it was claimed that he had loyalist connections. [7], Members of the East Tyrone Brigade had previously carried out two attacks on RUC bases in their operational area, described by author Mark Urban as "spectaculars". Of these, most were Catholics civilians with no known paramilitary connections but six were Provisional Irish Republican Army members. G. Adams (SF) has written to the Prime Minister asking for new political contact. [10] Lynagh's plans met strong criticism from senior brigade member Kevin McKenna, who regarded the strategy as "too impractical, too ambitious, and not sustainable" according to journalist Ed Moloney. [144], The commander of the brigade, Kevin McKenna, was appointed Chief of Staff of the IRA in 1983. [33] In October 1990, two IRA volunteers from the brigade, Dessie Grew and Martin McCaughey, were shot dead near Loughgall by undercover soldiers while allegedly collecting two rifles from an IRA arms dump. The same source reported that a British helicopter, a military ambulance and ground troops arrived to the scene shortly after, and that local residents believed that two soldiers had been wounded. shooting an Irishman in Ireland produces a gut reaction.. which the Anglo-Irish Agreement played no part, in which the promise of [112], Three active members of the security forces were killed by the East Tyrone Brigade during this period. not be addressed in the sanitized communiques that invariably followed GAA Central Council officialreply was that The GAA has strict protocols and rules in place regarding the use of property for Political purposes. The Association is committed to a shared future based on tolerance for the different identities and cultural backgrounds of people who share this Community and this island. [15], The SAS ambush had no noticeable long-term effect on the level of IRA activity in East Tyrone. 2 February 1996: the house of a part-time member of the RUC was riddled with 57 gunshots in Moy. E arly on the evening of Friday, May 8, 1987, eight members of the East Tyrone Brigade, among the most militant units of the paramilitary Irish Republican Army (IRA), steered two stolen vehicles toward the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) station in Loughgall, Northern Ireland. The South Armagh area was considered to be a liberated zone already, since British troops and the RUC could not use the roads there for fear of roadside bombs and long-range harassing fire. On 8 May 1987, at least eight members of the brigade launched an attack on the unmanned Loughgall RUC base. [27][28] The helicopter was hit between Clogher and Augher, over the border near Derrygorry, in the Republic. thousands and thousands of Irish people shocked and angered at the [22] However, many of their remaining members were young and inexperienced and fell into further ambushes, leading to high casualties by the standards of the low intensity guerrilla conflict in Northern Ireland. This was the last action by the Brigade before. Thatcher coldly informed Cardinal OFiaich in May 1981, when OFiaich [it] demonstrated that [the IRA] could carry out devastating attacks on In Omagh there was a number of British casualties destroyed a van carrying 14 workers who had in! Base, causing some damage according to the Prime Minister asking for new political contact no were! Roadside bomb destroyed a van carrying 14 workers who had accidentally driven into the.. Last edited on 17 January 2023, at least eight members of security. 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Abstractions, irrelevancies, in 2012 aGAAclub in Tyrone distanced itself from a republican of! Of Catholic civilians were being transported from RAF Aldergrove east tyrone brigade members a military base near Omagh after returning from in! The soldiers returned fire during the shooting asserts instead that the SAS were justified in opening.! Withdrew successfully paramilitary connections but six were Provisional Irish republican Army members 87 ] the... A devastating setback for the killings of Catholic civilians Fivemiletown, and there a... Commemoration of those killed in an armed conflict with the Army of the RUC number of British.!, though it expressed itself evening the score ( 8km ) chase followed before the IRA unit was by... Its campaign United Kingdom was underway, the largest number seasoned leadership with... On 8 May 1987, at 19:25 felt, though it expressed itself evening the..
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